英语学习者常常会遇到各种短语动词，这些短语动词由一个动词和一个或多个介词或副词组成，意义通常与单独的动词完全不同。掌握这些短语动词对于理解和流畅使用英语非常重要。本文将介绍一些常用的短语动词及其用法。
Break down
定义：当机器或车辆“break down”时，它停止运作。
My car broke down on the way to work.
Break up
定义：“Break up”指结束一段关系或者分解成小部分。
They decided to break up after five years of relationship.
Call off
定义：“Call off”意味着取消已经计划的事件。
The match was called off due to rain.
Come across
定义：偶然发现某物或某人。
I came across an old friend while I was walking in the park.
Cut back
定义：减少数量或者减少花费。
We need to cut back our expenses to save more money.
Fill out
定义：“Fill out”指填写表格或文件。
Please fill out this application form and return it to the front desk.
Give up
定义：停止做某事，尤其是停止尝试或放弃。
He gave up smoking for his health.
Look forward to
定义：期待某事的发生。
I’m looking forward to the vacation next month.
Make up
定义：“Make up”可以指编造事情，或者和某人和好。
She made up a story about why she was late.
Put off
定义：推迟某事的发生。
The meeting has been put off until next week.
Run into
定义：偶然遇见某人或某事。
I ran into my teacher at the supermarket.
Set up
定义：建立或安排某事。
He set up a new business last year.
Take over
定义：接管，开始控制。
She took over the company after her father retired.
Turn down
定义：拒绝提供的东西或请求。
He turned down the job offer because he got a better one.
Work out
定义：解决问题，或者进行体育锻炼。
They worked out their differences and remained friends.
理解和运用这些短语动词可以帮助提高英语的流利度和理解力。在实际对话中，这些短语动词非常常见，因此熟练掌握它们对于任何学习者都是非常有益的。练习使用这些短语动词，并尝试在日常对话中应用它们，可以帮助加深理解和记忆。
